Chance (28 July 2024)
"Donna Danna:  "When the Feast of Firstfruits Occurs" Letter"


 
Hello Donna Danna and Doves,
 
Thank you for your interest in my letter - 
REPLY TO CHANCE: When The Feast of Firstfruits Occurs
 
What you've linked to for finding the date for the Feast of Firstfruits is pretty much the 'accepted' way to count the days in Nisan.  That Feast of Firstfruits falls on 16 Nisan.  So this 'fits' with a 14 Nisan before sundown Thursday burial and a 17 Nisan before sunrise Sunday resurrection.  Then the women showed up at the tomb when it was still dark on the 'first day of the week/Sunday' after the Sabbath/Saturday.
 
Aaron at God A Minute has a video with his 'charts' showing how he sees these first three feast days - starting with the crucifixion and burial on 14 Nisan then resurrection was right when Saturday 17 Nisan became Sunday 18 Nisan - right at dusk.  Then the women showed up at the tomb when it was still dark on the 'first day of the week/Sunday' 18 Nisan after the Sabbath/Saturday.  
The Timing & Extra Details Of The Cross ✝️ & The Soon Rapture - YouTube
 
Aaron has it drawn out and shows clearly what he's talking about.
 
Having Feast of Firstfruits fall within the Feast of Unleavened Bread celebration is pretty much the 'accepted' timeline of the first feasts.  Wednesday to Sunday timeline - Death, Burial to Resurrection
 
The Sunday to Saturday seven day calendar was overlayed onto the Jewish New Moon calendar long after the Lord's feast days and the Lord's Sabbaths were presented to Moses for the people by God.  I wrote my letters, trying to look at the feast days and Sabbaths as given to Moses.
 
Also, Donna Danna wrote about "other days that are called Sabbath days besides Saturday."  In one of the links/articles provided in her letter, the author wrote:  "It is also important to understand that there are more Sabbaths in the Jewish year than there are "seventh days' on the Jewish calendar.  For instance, Passover and the other holidays are regarded as Sabbaths, and therefore in Mark's gospel the women are said to have come to the tomb after the Sabbaths (..a plural noun) which indicates that both Passover (Nisan 15) and the following day (Nisan 16, the seventh day of the week) were regarded as Sabbath days (see the Greek text for Mark 16:2)".
 
I clicked on his link for the 63? listed translations and saw two with "and early in the morning of the first of the sabbaths, they come unto the sepulchre, at the rising of the sun" Young's Literal Translation.  And the other: "and very early in the morning the first of the sabbaths, they come unto the sepulchre at the rising of the sun."  Jubilee Bible 2000.  So Sunday was the first of the sabbaths? - that doesn't make sense. ??   Most of the translations have 'first day of the week' and don't add Sunday or Sabbath to the text.  The biblehub.com greek link had 'Sabbaths', plural.  Most translations have Sabbath, singular.
 
Here's the list - 
Mark 16:2 - Bible Gateway
 
On a side note, I looked up the Greek text in Mark 16:2 - in biblehub.com - it shows the same Greek word for "Sabbaths" as it does for "of the week" - the full translation being 'first day of the week'  Probably why the above two translations of the 63 show "the first of the sabbaths'.  
Greek Concordance: σαββάτων (sabbatōn) -- 11 Occurrences
 
Probably better to just translate that part as 'the first day of the week'. I don't read Greek so I'm relying on translations.
 
In my 'short study' on this - neither 'Saturday' nor 'Sunday' were used in Leviticus 23 and the Feast Days were not referred to as "Sabbaths" - Sabbaths were given by God as part of the 'work week'.
 
The Sunday to Saturday seven day calendar, according to some, was added somewhere around 587 BCE. And it was overlaid on the New Moon calendar given by God.  So it was being used during Jesus' day, but not during Moses' day.
 
What I've been looking at is the fulfilling of the Lord's Feast Days per Leviticus 23 - not per the Gospels at Jesus's time.  I wrote about the Feasts of the Lord per God's instructions to Moses and was not looking at anything added later by man - i.e. I'm not using a Sunday - Saturday seven day calendar because that didn't exist in Moses' time.
 
In recent letters to Doves, I wrote about when I thought the Feast of Firstfruits was in the 'Feasts of the Lord' timeline.  When was Firstfruits during the time Leviticus 23 was written  and what is the God-given definition of 'Sabbath'?.  I'm just going to look at Leviticus 23 and that time of Moses and the Israelites.  That seems like a 'more accurate' time period for looking at these two questions as that is when God gave His instructions on His Feast Days and His Sabbaths to Moses.
 
What Did A Sabbath Day Mean To The Israelites During Moses' Day? 
 
I think that some translations of the Bible use the word 'Sabbath' incorrectly and do not follow what God told Moses.  When the Sunday - Saturday seven day calendar showed up, Saturday was the 7th day so it became the 'Sabbath of the Lord'.  This was not a God-ordained Sabbath.  More on this below.
 
In looking at Jesus' crucifixion through resurrection - a few versions of the Gospels have Sabbath translated as Saturday - because that seven day calendar was in use then. (For example, In the New Living Translation, instead of "When the Sabbath was over", their version is "Saturday evening, when the sabbath ended" - they add the day "Saturday" to the translation.  And for 'day after the Sabbath' or 'the first day of the week' some versions will replace these with "Sunday".)
 
When Did the Israelites Start Using the Sunday - Saturday Seven day Calendar?
 
It wasn't used during Moses' time when Leviticus 23 was written.   Looks like it came about after 587 BC. - a long time after Moses.
 
Were The Sabbath Days Set To A Seven Day Calendar By Man?
 
Yes.  God gave instructions for His Sabbaths in Leviticus 23.  These Saturday 'sabbaths' were not 'God-given'.
 
 
In Leviticus 23, God told Moses to tell the Israelites about two things:  (I used the Berean Standard Bible version)
 
1)  Feasts of the Lord:  Appointed feasts.  God's feasts.
 
"Then the Lord said to Moses, "Speak to the Israelites and say to them, "These are My appointed feasts, the feasts of the Lord that you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies."  Lev 23:2
 
"These are the Lord's appointed feasts, the sacred assemblies you are to proclaim at their appointed times."  Lev 23:4  (Then the Lord tells Moses about these feasts in the rest of the chapter.)
 
2)  Sabbaths:  God appointed a work week with a seventh day of rest.
 
"For six day work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, a day of sacred assembly.  You must not do any work, whereever you live, it is a Sabbath to the Lord.  Lev 23:3
 
God set up a 'work' schedule for a seven day period:  six days for work and the seventh day for a "Sabbath" 
 
In other verses in Leviticus 23, the Lord tells Moses about sabbaths - these are the days he defined in verse 3 - having to do with the work week.  These do not refer to His feast days. But they do help in the count to specific feast days - like Feast of Weeks/Shavuot. 
 
The exception to use of the word "Sabbath" is Day of Atonement/Yom Kippur - the most holy of the days - this day God was very adamant about the Israelites following His instructions; I think He made a point of how serious He was by saying, "OK - let me say this is a "Sabbath" too so it is double labeled so you'll know I've put an emphasis on this day to keep you from being destroyed if any of you do any work on this day."  This is my opinion - as no other feast day is called a "Sabbath" by the Lord - and no other feast day has a 'punishment', actually a severe punishment, attached to it for working.
 
 
Here are the Feasts of the Lord.  These are based on a New Moon calendar.  The sliver of the New Moon begins the month...days are counted from there.  (In my recent letters I wrote about the Sabbaths of the Lord being on the moon calendar used in Leviticus 23 - those Sabbath days would be on 7, 14, 21, 28. - that's what I've seen in various articles on this.  I have a link below to one article that says these Sabbaths days would be on 8, 15, 22 and 29.)
 
Passover is an appointed feast - at an appointed time.  Begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month. 
 
Feast of Unleavened Bread - on the fifteenth day of the same month.  For seven days they are to eat unleavened bread.  This feast would be days fifteen through day twenty-one. The first day is a sacred assembly - you are to do no regular work.  For seven days you are to present an offering made by fire to the Lord.  The seventh day is a sacred assembly - you are to do no regular work.  (The Lord doesn't mention 'no regular work; for days 2 - 6)
 
Feast of Firstfruits - the priest is to wave the sheaf before the Lord on the day after the Sabbath.  The Feast of Unleavened Bread is not referred to as a Sabbath by the Lord.  The seventh day, twenty-first day of Nisan, for Unleavened Bread would be a Sabbath - the day after the Sabbath would be day twenty-two.  That's the day I believe is the day of Feast of Firstfruits - not 16, 17 or 18 Nisan.
Another Look At Some Of The Feasts Of The Lord Part 2
 
Also, no where in the Feast of Unleavened Bread does God give instructions for the insertion of the Feast of Firstfruits; Unleavened Bread is seven days long with it's own instructions from the Lord.  I do not believe that Feast of Firstfruits should be inserted into the Feast of Unleavened Bread - all the other feasts have their own days/times and are not 'doubled up.'
 
Feast of Weeks - for this day, count off seven full weeks from the day after the Sabbath (to use God's definition of a Sabbath).  Count off fifty days until the day after the seventh Sabbath.  Offer a new grain offering to the Lord.  Two loaves are the firstfruits.  There are to be specific burnt offerings, grain offerings and drink offerings.  There is also a sin offering and a peace offering. A sacred assembly.  No regular work.
 
Feast of Trumpets - the first day of the seventh month - a sacred assembly announced by trumpet blasts.  a day of rest.  No regular work and present a fire offering to the Lord.
 
Day of Atonement - the tenth day of the seventh month - a sacred assembly with a fire offering.  To humble yourselves. No regular work  This feast of the Lord is a really big one - "If anyone does not humble himself on this day, he must be cut off from his people.  I will destroy from among his people anyone who does any work on this day."  To really emphasize that people absolutely must not work on THIS day - the Lord says it will be a "Sabbath of complete rest for you and you shall humble yourselves.  From the evening of the ninth of the month until the following evening you are to keep your Sabbath."  This feast has a punishment from the Lord if anyone works on this day - this is different from His 'work week' Sabbath - there is no punishment given by Him.  IMO, the Lord is showing this day is like a Sabbath in terms of total rest - absolutely no work.  The tenth day is not one of the regular Sabbath days, but in terms of rest/no work it is- to God.
 
Feast of Tabernacles - the fifteenth day of the seventh month - and it lasts for seven days.  The first day is a sacred assembly of no regular work.  For seven days there is a fire offering to the Lord.  
 
At the end of the list, the Lord said, "These are the Lord's appointed feasts, which you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies for presenting offerings by fire to the Lord - burnt offerings and grain offerings, sacrifices and drink offerings, each on its designated day.  These offerings are in addition to the offerings for the Lord's Sabbaths..."  Lev 23:37
 
This last verse shows that each Feast of the Lord has it's own designated day and are separate from the Lord's Sabbaths.
 
 
 
So how were these seven day time periods figured out back in Moses' day without the Sunday - Saturday seven day calendar that didn't exist until thousands of years later??
 
In Leviticus 23 God uses the New Moon calendar for His appointed days/solemn assemblies and Sabbaths for the seventh days of the calendar - that is days 7, 14, 21, 28  - these are the Sabbaths I see listed most often in the literature.  These are separate from the appointed days of the Lord as noted above.  These appointed days, we are told, are prophetic.  They are to be reckoned according to the what the Lord told Moses - for both the sacred assemblies and the Sabbaths - Passover falls on a Sabbath but it is a sacred assembly - a prophetic day.  The last day of Unleavened Bread falls on a Sabbath (21) but it is also a sacred assembly - a prophetic day. 
 
 
I did a bit of research to see when the Israelites started overlaying their Full Moon calendar (using the sighting of the new moon) with a Sunday - Saturday seven day calendar to mark out the sabbath days for them - every seventh day.  
 
My various letters on the Hebrew calendar imply that somewhere along the line there was  a convergence of the moon calendar with a seven-day calendar. With this bit of research it looks like it was after the Kingdom of Judah was destroyed and Mesopotamian influence crept in.
 
Seems 'someone' thought it was a good idea to celebrate Saturday as the Sabbath and use the Sunday - Saturday pagan calendar to keep track.
 
What I'm finding is that this seven day cycle came about after the destruction of Judah in 587 BCE. The 'seven-day rhythms' came primarily from contact with Mesopotamian culture "after the onslaught of Babylonian armies in 597 and 587."  
 
Before this "the seven days were likely counted from New Moon (Rosh Chodesh)."
 
"Various clues suggest that the monthly Shabbat would not have merged with seven-day labor rhythms had it not been for Mespotamian influence."
How and When the Seventh Day Became Shabbat - TheTorah.com
 
Did 'someone' just pick a day and say - let's call this Sunday - and start a set of seven days?
 
It seems that the earliest texts showed a Moon-Sabbath (Chodesh-Shabbat) monthly cycle - revolving around the New Moon and the Full Moon.  "These texts suggest that some in pre-exilic Israel commemorated Shabbat on the Full Moon."
 
A "statue in Exod 23:12, which biblical scholars agree belongs to an older (if not the oldest) law code of the Torah, requires landowners to cease from fieldwork every seven days in order to give those toiling on their behalf a time to recuperate.  The mandated seven-day rest cycle, however, did not have to begin and end on the same day for all households.  This day was not called Shabbat."
 
"It would not be surprising if the seven-day cycles from different individuals and communities converged over time.  This convergence would have been driven in part by the need to agree on a common calendar to attend to mercantile, organizational and cultic matters.  For agrarian communities, shared work and market cycles are more practical, which would have motivated communities to keep a common seven-day cycle."
 
The sacred days (Feasts of the Lord) of the New Moon (Chodesh) and the Full Moon (Shabbat) holidays made it easy to track seventh days "and the celebration of festivals.  "If the counting of began with the New Moon then the seventh day of rest cycle would be day 8, 15, 22 and 29.  The second rest day would coincide with Shabbat and the final one either with Chodesh or the day before Chodesh.
 
There is a time when the moon month becomes separate from the "universal seven-week cycle".
 
The Mesopotamian calendar had similarities to the Jewish moon calendar - they both had New Moon and Full Moon holidays.  "The name of this Full Moon holiday celebrated on the 15th of the month was sapattu.  The connection between this term and the Hebrew holiday of Shabbat seems hardly coincidental."
 
The Mesopotamians had a calendar similar to the ancient Israel's calendar -where three days were celebrated: the first day - the new moon; the seventh day and the fifteenth day (sapattu).
 
"At some point, the cycle of seven days took on a life of its own and became independent of the Chodesh-Shabbat calendar.  Thus, (as I wrote in my letters) Israel developed two systems of time that ran independently of - and even compete with - each other.; one was lunar, and the other was based on a seven-day periods of time."   "Following the shift from Chodesh based to the independent weekly cycle, the seventy-day of rest merged with the (non-defunct) holiday of Shabbat."
 
Due to the use of the lunar phases in the Hebrew calendar, they had a New Moon (Rosh Chodesh) celebration, a Full Moon (Shabbat) celebration."  So Shabbat was originally on the Full Moon.
 
"The transition from the monthly to the weekly Shabbat would have been a protracted one, with both understandings competing in many ways of the relevant biblical references to Shabbat.  Yet it seems most likely that the transition began very late in Israel's history."  Shabbat transitioned from the Full Moon celebration to "an independent seventh day of rest."
 
"The shift form the monthly to the weekly Shabbat was done under the influence of Mesopotamian culture.:  Most specifically with "direct and sustained contact with Mesopotamian culture" which "began after the conquest of Judah in 587".
 
Shabbat became "the primary and most fundamental institution for the people of Israel" in their post-exilica period. 
 
"The Temple may have been destroyed and national sovereignty forfeited, but Shabbat survives.  The natural cycles of the day, moon, seasons, and year which were created by Israel's God, have not been eradicated by the vanquishing power of the Babylonian high-god Marcuk.  Above all, the non-natural covennantal cycle of the seven-day week persist after national's defeat."
 
"In contrast to the New Moon and Full Moon Shabbat (as well as days, seasons and years), the independent weekly cycle does not correspond to any natural cycles.  For this reason, it could easily become a point of contention for rival communities, since there is no objective way to determine when the seventh day "really" is (a problem Shabbat did not face when it was a full moon celebration)."
 
"Imagine what Judaism would look like - or the western world for that matter - if no consensus had ever been formed about converging the Shabbat/weekly cycles.  How would it be if Jews from different communities - including Karaites, Samaritans, and Ethiopians - all kept Shabbat on different days?  What if the Ashkenazi Shabbat was the sephardic or Yemenite Wednesday?  Needless to say, such a calendrical mess would destroy any possibility of large-scale community cohesion around the holiday."

 
Shabbat originally designated Full Moon.
 
The number seven had special significance for ancient Israel...but we lack comparative evidence for time reckoning according to seven-day (weekly) cycles.
 
Before a seven day cycle ending in rest existed, "the seven days were likely counted from New Moon (Rosh Chodesh).
 
It is likely that the monthly Shabbat merged with the seven-day cycles for work/rest because of Mesopotamian influence.  After the Babylonian armies' in 597 and 587.
 
"Over time the individual labor cycles would tend to coalesce." I.E. more areas/people came to a seventh day/Saturday day of rest.
 
"After the reinvention of Shabbat in the wake of the destruction of the kingdom of Judah in 587 BCE, its observance became one of the primary markers for the people of Israel."
 
So - from all of this - it looks like Shabbat wasn't a divine order from God - man adapted the seven day work/rest cycle to a Shabbat on the rest day.  And moved from a Full Moon monthly Sabbath to a weekly seven day Sabbath.
How and When the Seventh Day Became Shabbat - TheTorah.com
 
Was God using the man-made seven day cycle calendar placed onto the God-given moon calendar or was He using His moon calendar?   Moses lived long before the Mesopotamian influence on the moon calendar - so does it make sense to use the overlapped calendars or the moon calendar when reading Leviticus 23?  God did not ordain a weekly Saturday Sabbath - that is man-made.  So do we use the weekly Saturday Sabbath for Leviticus 23 when it did not exist then?  I do not believe we can use Saturday for the Sabbath or Sunday for the day after the Sabbath as those didn't exist either in Moses' day.  So for interpreting the Lord's Feast Days - there was no Saturday Sabbath counted out on the seven day weeks.  Only the counting from the New Moon were used for the days.  It makes sense that the sighting of the New Moon started the count to the Sabbaths (as it was used in the count to the Feasts of the Lord).
 
 
Does it make sense to use the Sunday-Saturday seven day calendar for Jesus fulfilling the appointed Feasts of the Lord of Levitucs 23?  God's appointed days.  Sunday-Saturday calendar didn't exist for Moses when God laid out His Feast Days - which He called appointed feast, sacred assemblies - not Sabbaths. Sabbaths are the seventh days.
 
Jesus fulfilled the appointed days on their exact date.  So the Sunday - Saturday calendar does not apply to Leviticus or Jesus fulfilling these days exactly as prophesied.  
Based on the new moon - "the seventh day, the Sabbath, was never on the same day on the lunar calendar":
 
"For example, in the month of Passover in the year:
 
26 AD; the seventh day, the Sabbath was on a Friday.
27 AD; the Sabbath was on a Wednesday
28 AD; the Sabbath was on a Monday
29 AD; the Sabbath was on a Saturday
30 AD; the Sabbath was on a Wednesday
31 AD; the Sabbath was on a Monday
32 AD; the Sabbath was on a Monday
33 AD; the Sabbath was on a Friday.
 
As I see it, my thoughts on the Lord's feast days and Jesus do not contradict the moon calendar of appointed days and Sabbaths given in Leviticus 23.  That's what Jesus fulfilled - not the pagan calendar of the day.
 
In one of Donna Danna's links - the article states:
Yom HaBikkurim - Firstfruits of Spring
 
"..since the Sadduces controlled the Second Temple worship schedule, the Wave Offering (Feast of Firstfruits) would have occurred on the Sunday following the weekly Sabbath."  In Leviticus 23, Feast of Firstfruits was on the day after the Sabbath - the same day that Mary and the others witnessed Jesus in His resurrected body - Jesus being the firstfruits of the dead.  
 
There are some who place Feast of Firsfruits a couple of days after Passover - during Feast of Unleavened Bread. This is what I use to believe.  The Pharisees and Orthodox Judaism believe this day follows the first day of Unleavened Bread (15 Nisan), so the wave offering of Firstfruits would occur on 16 Nisan.  Years ago, everything I read about the Feast Days put Firstfruits right about the day after Unleavened Bread - they all counted out their three days and three nights...
 
Others place it after the Sabbath - on the first day of the week, a Sunday (using the Sunday-Saturday seven day calendar of Jesus' time).
 
According to the Leviticus 23, it is celebrated after the Sabbath (per the definition given by the Lord), following the seven day Feast of Unleavened Bread. All of the feasts in a given order on their appointed day.
 
My Doves letter linked above showed that the New Moon calendar does work with the story of the crucifiction/ressurection and it aligns with the Feasts of the Lord given in Leviticus 23 if one uses the 'day after the Sabbath' - the day the Sadducess agree on - as the Feast of Firstfruits and one uses the Lord's definition of 'Sabbath'.
 
Over the years, I've 'changed' my mind on some of the 'accepted' biblical beliefs - and the last few years I've made some big changes in my beliefs concerning the Feasts of the Lord - like with when Ascension Day is, when Acts Pentecost is, how to count to Feast of Weeks, and what is Feast of New Wine and how to count to Feast of New Wine, when is the Feast of Firstfruits, etc.
 
So for now, these are my thoughts...until I see something else pop up....
 
Pray for the peace of Jerusalem!
 
Maranatha!
 
Chance